Local Industries

The Goodyear Tyre & Rubber Company (Great Britain) Limited,

The Goodyear Tyre and Rubber Company (Great Britain) Limited is intimately associated with the vast Goodyear organisation, the world's largest rubber manufacturers, whose operations extend to the four corners of the earth.

Goodyear commenced business in Great Britain in 1913, and steadily built up a very sound, extensive business in rubber products, particularly tyres and tubes. The consistently good service of Goodyear products combined with a straightforward dealer programme, was naturally chiefly responsible for their sustained progress.

In 1927 it was decided to provide increased production facilities to cope with the increasing demand for Goodyear products, and the factory premises and land now occupied by the company at Wolverhampton extending over 70 acres were acquired. The present plant has an output capacity of over 800,000 tyres and 800,000 tubes per annum, and is so laid out as to permit such expansion as the increasing business may render necessary.

At the time of writing, a total number of 1,300 men and girls are employed, the factory working 24 hours a day in three 8 hour shifts.

The factory is chiefly engaged in the manufacture of pneumatic tyres and tubes for motor cars and motorcycles, and giant pneumatic tyres and tubes for both passenger and goods transport vehicles.

In this connection it is worthy of note that Goodyear introduced and pioneered the giant pneumatic tyre in Great Britain, which type of tyre has played such an outstanding part in the development and progress of passenger transportation by bus and coach in this country.

The ideal of Goodyear quality is kept prominently before the attention of all employees by means of printed notices "Protect our Good Name" posted in all the shops and offices throughout the Goodyear plant.

Social and sports activities and other forms of welfare work are recognised as being particularly conducive to the maintenance of friendly relations and co-operation between all sections of employees and the management, and these activities are consequently given every possible encouragement.

Guy Motors Limited, Fallings Park, Wolverhampton

With a factory equipped with the latest and best that scientific works management can provide, covering 12 acres and employing 1,200 men, producing a range of commercial motor vehicles meeting practically every road transport need, from 25cwt. light express delivery vans and 20 seater buses and coaches to 7 ton six-wheeled goods vehicles and 72 seater six-wheeled double deck buses, the well-known Fallings Park firm of Guy Motors Limited has grown to its present size and importance from quite small beginnings.

In March, 1915, a start was made at Fallings Park with a factory covering approximately half an acre employing about fifty men, producing one model only, a 30/40 cwt. commercial motor vehicle chassis. Towards the end of 1916 the factory came under the control of the Ministry of Munitions, and commenced the manufacture of engines for tanks and lorries for the Government, and at the end of 1917 the output was fifty per week. Depth charges to cope with the submarine menace were also manufactured, the output being two hundred per week. In 1917 the company built a small number of experimental aeroplane engines of the "wasp" type. In the following year they built the first experimental "dragon fly" aero engine in a world record time of twenty four days. As a result the Government placed a large contract with the company for aero engines, which were in course of production when the armistice came. 1919 saw the reorganisation of the factory to a peace time basis for the manufacture of commercial motor vehicles.

We will pass over the terrible slump period which succeeded the hectic and artificial boom following the armistice, by saying that the company, like all the other British commercial motor vehicle manufacturers, had a very hard time, with a market flooded with re-conditioned war-worn vehicles, and it was only the ingenuity and resource of a capable management that enabled the company to pull through.

Progress and expansion has since been rapid. About two years ago the company introduced the rigid six-wheeled motor vehicle, which like all innovations, had the usual prejudice to overcome.

That the three-axle vehicle was sound in principle, giving safety, smoothness of running and economy on a scale hitherto impossible with the conventional four-wheeled method, has been proved by the large number of GUY six-wheelers, both goods and passengers, now to be found in service all over the British Isles, not to mention the colonies and other distant parts of the world.

The firm's well-known slogan "Ten years in advance of the times" is no idle boast, as they have always been distinguished for their enterprise in reaching forth for the best.

Cannon Iron Foundries Limited, Deepfields, Coseley

This well-known firm has already entered its second century's existence, having been founded by Mr. Edward Sheldon in 1826, and it is interesting to note that the present directorate are direct descendants of that gentleman.

The well-equipped works cover an area of twenty acres, and further extensions are in progress. Situated on either side of the L.M. and S. Railway, Birmingham to Wolverhampton line, adjacent to the Deepfields goods and passenger stations, and also served by the Birmingham Canal, there is every facility for the prompt despatch of goods to any part of the country. The firm's fleet of motor lorries enables deliveries over a wide area to be expeditiously made, and the Birmingham to Wolverhampton new trunk road runs within a quarter of a mile of the works.

For several years the firm has specialised in gas stoves for cooking and heating, including gas cookers and grillers, gas fires, gas radiators, gas washing boilers, gas irons, etc., all so essential to the up-to-date labour-saving home.

Their latest high-grade cookers with enamelled exteriors and interiors meet the most exacting demands of modern housewives for efficiency, hygiene, and convenience.

Special mention should be made of the Cannon new inclined gas fires introduced by them a few years ago. This principle exclusive to Cannon products gives a considerably improved distribution of the radiant heat, and is a noteworthy advance in modern gas fire construction. The new inclined fires are supplied in several distinctive designs and finishes, and have met with remarkable success throughout the country.

Their "Belle" gas-heated radiators are also a speciality, and are eminently suitable for heating shops, offices, halls, corridors, etc., where no flue is available. Other gas apparatus includes confectioners' ovens, and cooking ranges and carving tables for hotels, institutions, canteens, etc.

Another important production is chemical plant, i.e., cast iron vessels of various types, lined with their hard acid-resisting enamel for chemical and pharmaceutical processes. The firm was one of the pioneers in the cast iron hollow-ware industry, and Cannon brand is famous throughout the world for quality and finish in the tinned, enamelled, and black sections of the trade.

Other departments produce cast iron enamelled sanitary ware, known by their registered trade mark of  "Porceliron," general iron foundry and colonial castings, grindstones, mounted and unmounted, suitable for all purposes, sad irons, etc. Cannon productions have been awarded numerous diplomas and medals for their general excellence and quality.

Bayliss, Jones & Bayliss Limited, Victoria Works and Monmoor Iron Works, Wolverhampton

This business was established in the year 1826. Today the Victoria and Monmore Works, divided only by a main road, cover an area of upwards of 30 acres, and employ some 1,400 to 1,500 workpeople.

The Victoria Works comprise three main sections:

1 - bolt and nut and drop stampings department, manufacturing railway and tramway permanent way fastenings and telegraph ironwork of every description. Fencing and gate department for the manufacture of iron and steel plain and ornamental unclimbable railing and gates, corrugated pale and sheet iron fencing, wire fencing material, tree guards, etc., hammered art metal entrance gates, balustrading, balconies, etc., to suit any style of architecture, and for municipal buildings, country residences, public and private parks, and other purposes.

2 - Foundry, with up-to-date and thorough equipment, including chemical laboratory, for the production of high-class chilled rolls for the tin and heavy plate rolling mills, and of grooved grain rolls for mills rolling light and heavy bars and sections, general engineering castings, and those for the company's own requirements.

3 -The Monmoor Ironworks comprise puddling furnaces and forges, two rolling mills thoroughly equipped with the latest labour saving plant for economic production. The mills roll flats, rounds, squares, tees, angles, channels, H and other sections, for the trade in general, and for the use of the bolt and nut and fencing departments of the company.

Manley & Company (Wolverhampton) Limited, Phoenix Works, Green Lane, Wolverhampton

This Firm specialise in the manufacture of superfine hot and cold lacquers for use in the electrical, art metal, bedstead and brass foundry trades, their products being used in all parts of the world. Their lacquers were recently used exclusively on the fittings of several of the largest Atlantic liners, Great Indian Peninsular Railways train deluxe, etc. Messrs. Manley & Company (Wolverhampton) Limited manufacture lacquers for all climates.

Other specialities of this firm are the manufacture of high-class spirit varnishes for every trade, French polishes and all preparations for the cabinet and wood turnery trade. They are also sole manufacturers of the powerful germicidal "Manconaft" antiseptic dust allaying oil for school and other floors, as supplied to the leading education authorities, government departments at home and abroad for the effective allaying of dust on wood floors.

Davies brothers & Company Limited, Crown Works, Wolverhampton

Davies Brothers & Company Limited established in 1838, are manufacturers of all kinds of galvanized goods, such as galvanized corrugated sheets, galvanized tanks for storage of water and other liquids, also cisterns and circulating cylinders for domestic hot water supply; constructional steelwork and steel framed buildings covered with galvanized corrugated sheets; galvanized hollow ware, comprising buckets and tubs; sanitary vessels of all kinds; agricultural feeding appliances, etc.

The firm is engaged mainly on home trade, including important contracts with the War Office and Admiralty.

Travellers make periodical calls on customers in England and Wales.

The British Oxygen Company Limited, Shrubbery Works, Lower Walsall Street

The Wolverhampton works of the British Oxygen Company, Limited in Lower Walsall Street, have considerably extended in the last few years, their facilities for the production and distribution of oxygen and hydrogen gases in cylinders. The company also manufactures all apparatus for the use of these gases, including welding and cutting blow pipes, regulators, cutting machines, acetylene plants, etc.

Thompson Brothers (Bilston) Limited

Bradley Engineering and Tank Works, Bilston, which covers an area of ten acres, was founded in the year 1810, and is the oldest works of its kind in the district. For the past fifty years the business has been carried on under the directorship of Thompson Bros. The present directors are Messrs. F. S., J. A., and H. J. Thompson, and in the year 1906 the business was incorporated in a private limited company, with head office at the above address.

The Company's London Office is at Aldwych House, W.C. 2 : also, they have agents in Canada, Australia, France, Belgium, Italy and Romania.

For the last forty years they have specialised in galvanizing and annealing plant, and have supplied these plants to the British and foreign admiralties, India Office, Crown Agents for the Colonies, and the leading galvanizers in Great Britain and Ireland, and the manufacturing centres in all parts of the world. The method of manufacturing galvanizing baths by welding, instead of riveting, was first introduced and practised by this firm. Welded galvanizing baths rapidly superseded the riveted type. The baths vary in weight from half a ton up to twenty-three tons, the latter being the largest galvanizing bath made in this country. Complete automatic machinery for the Production of galvanized roofing sheets is also manufactured. This machinery, along with the galvanizing, is installed, work commenced, and left in running order to the entire satisfaction of the purchaser by their own staff. Other machinery allied to this particular branch of industry include corrugating, curving and stretching machines, all of which are actually built at the Bradley works.

Annealing Pots used in the preparation of the black sheets for galvanizing and tinplate works, also by engineers for ordinary annealing and case hardening, form another important section of their specialities.

Welded steel tanks for the storage and transport of petrol. During recent years the portion of the Bradley works devoted to the manufacture of these storage and road tanks has become increasingly important, and very rapid developments have taken place to cater for the growing demands of the petrol industry and today Thompson Brothers (Bilston) Limited are the largest makers in the country of all sizes and classes of petrol tanks, both for storage and road vehicles; the latter being fitted up complete, including coach work, painting etc. ready for use. Transport tanks are also made for milk, beer. margarine, lubricating oils, acids, etc. A recent contract carried out was for petrol storage tanks and equipment for the Middle East air route for all the refuelling stations from Cairo to Karachi, for Messrs. Imperial Airways Limited.

Welded steel plate work of large and varied kinds, for the electrical and chemical trades, are made in large numbers. A recent example of the former were four large turbine casings for the Clyde Valley Hydro Electric Scheme, being the first of their kind in welded steel. For the latter stainless steel tanks, pans, mixers, tube work, etc., form a large part.

Petrol pumps, for kerbside and garage use of a patent design, were started to be made about five years ago, and now form a large and important branch of the firm's production, special equipment for their manufacture and testing having been installed.

Aircraft metal work department is actively engaged on important contracts for this class of work, including exhaust manifolds in special heat-resisting metal for air-cooled radial engines for use on war and commercial aeroplanes; also manifolds for the large British airship now under construction, tubular components, pressed and welded work.

Steel plate pressings. The works are equipped with several large hydraulic presses capable of forming and pressing steel up to two inches thick.

Tarmac Limited

Tarmac Limited, sole manufacturers and patentees of  Tarmac, Ettingshall, Wolverhampton.

Tarmac is the proprietary name of a material for tar-bound road construction, manufactured by Tarmac Limited, Ettingshall, Wolverhampton, and at twenty works in various parts of the country.

The Company is operating works in Staffordshire, Northants, Flintshire, Glamorganshire Denbighshire, Worcestershire, Derbyshire, Lincolnshire, North Yorkshire and Durham.

Tarmac is manufactured of selected blast furnace slag, which under the company's process, is thoroughly mixed and impregnated with a special tar compound made by the company to conform to specific standards.

The selected blast furnace slag in bulk is broken by crushing machinery into suitable sizes for road material, ranging from 2½ in. down to ⅛ in.

The peculiar qualities of blast furnace slag make it a most suitable aggregate for the manufacture of tarred road material, and it is claimed that blast furnace slag is much more effective for this class of material than natural rocks or stones. Every particle of moisture is eliminated from the slag before treatment by the company.

Tarmac is delivered from the company's works by road and rail ready for application to the road surface.

The material is extensively used in all parts of England and Wales, and the company's annual production represents a very considerable proportion of the tarred road material used in this country.

Tarmac Limited, Vinculum Department, sole Manufacturer of  Vinculum concrete, Ettingshall, Wolverhampton

Vinculum concrete is manufactured from selected blast furnace slag and British Portland cement. It is produced as precast concrete units in an immense variety of shapes and for practically all industries requiring this material. These products are supplied to public works and road contractors, and this industry absorbs large quantities of road kerbs, fence posts, channel blocks, and similar material.

Building blocks, architectural concrete, manufactured stone, steps, slabs, sills, etc., are produced for the building and constructional engineering industries, and these products are distributed over a very wide area.

Large quantities of  Vinculum concrete units specially prepared for the building trades have been used on housing schemes in various parts of the country, and range from simple concrete steps and shelves to complete concrete houses including foundations, walling, roofing tiles, window frames, and so on.

Pre-cast units for the electrical engineer include protection slabs for high tension cables, joint coffins, indicator posts, and cable posts; hundreds of miles of Vinculum concrete cable covers have been used in connection with the high tension distribution schemes in various parts of the country.

Other units include water and feeding troughs, mangers, farm and estate fittings, and posts for all purposes.

Garden ornaments in great variety are also made and are very popular.

The Head Office of the department is at Ettingshall, Wolverhampton, and the products are produced at six, works, the geographical position of which enables prompt delivery of these products to be made with a minimum cost for transport. Very large stocks of road kerbs, fence posts, cable covers, building blocks, door hoods, and similar units are carried in order to ensure delivery of sound matured material, and a wide variety of special units are always in course of manufacture in rapid hardening cement for prompt delivery.

Joseph Sankey & Sons, Limited

This firm was affiliated to John Lysaght, Limited, when the latter amalgamated with Guest, Keen & Nettlefolds, Limited, in 1920.

The chief products of the Albert Street works are brass and copper goods; embossed tin and black plates; copper lifebuoys; pure nickel hollow-ware for domestic purposes; wrought steel hollow-ware (enamelled and tinned); gas and electric light shades; general deep pressings and stampings for the engineering and motor trades; aeroplane parts in steel, aluminium and alloys; domestic hollow-ware in rust-less iron.

The Bankfield Works, covering four acres, are situated half a mile from Albert Street Works, on the Birmingham and Wolverhampton canal, and with direct siding access to the Great Western Railway.

The Manor Rolling Mills are situated at Ettingshall, near Wolverhampton, in close proximity to Ettingshall Road Station, on the LMS Railway, and on the Birmingham to Wolverhampton canal.

The main productions are steel sheets for the electrical trades, chiefly the well-known ‘Lohys’, ‘special Lohys’ and ‘medium resistance’ brands of electrical sheers, and the ‘Stalloy’ brand of patent high resistance steel sheets, steel sheets for deep stampings and kindred purposes are also produced here.

The products comprise Sankey patent steel wheels for motor cars; wheels of all types, artillery or disc, with fixed or detachable tyre beads or flanges, suitable for all types of tyres - beaded, straight sided and low pressure; complete sets of wheels for Ford cars, and one-ton trucks; heavy steel wheels for commercial vehicles, with rims to take giant pneumatic, cushion and solid tyres, and for railway, trolley and tram wheels; chassis frames; axle cases; brake drums, and all plate pressings for the motor trade; wings; mudguards and steel panels and sheet pressings for motor body construction; pressings of all types in plate and sheet, including foundry ladles, steel barrow bodies and steel barrels; window, door, pillar, and other pressings and steel "key" flooring for tramway car and railway coach construction; steel furniture for office and domestic use, comprising lockers, bins, shelving, filing cabinets and transfer cases; finished bodies for motor cars, charabancs and commercial vehicles.

The company supplied His Majesty's Forces with four and a half millions of shrapnel-proof helmets during the period of the Great War.

Adolphe Crosbie & Company Limited, Walsall Street, Wolverhampton

Prominent among Wolverhampton firms stands the name of Messrs, Adolphe Crosbie & Company, of Wolverhampton, which has been making marine paints and compositions for many years, which by sheer merit, have gained a world-wide reputation. All of this firm's products are marketed under the brand name of Wulfruna, and the entire range covers practically every type of paint or protective material in use, so that obviously, mention can only be made here of a few outstanding items.

In catering for the shipping industry, Messrs. Adolphe Crosbie and Company produce anti-corrosive composition, anti-fouling composition, boot-topping, and odourless white enamel for holds, etc., finest white and coloured enamels for cabins, etc., and all classes of varnishes and oxide paints for ship's use.

The anti-corrosive composition is a first-class material for preventing corrosion; it dries quickly, and it can be supplied in three colours - dark red, chocolate and purple brown, and is used by many of the leading shipping companies.

The problem of boiler incrustation is one that has to be dealt with in almost every branch of industry, and for this reason Messrs, Crosbie produce a highly efficient boiler composition, which is so successful in the prevention of scale and incrustation that it is recommended by boiler insurance companies, engineers of high standing, water companies, and steam users in every branch of trade, while Messrs. Adolphe Crosbie & Company have a list of upwards of three thousand firms in all trades who are constant users of this composition.

Other manufactures of this Company include Crosbie's pure quality ready mixed paints, which are guaranteed to be manufactured from pure pigment, genuine linseed oil, and the correct proportions of driers and turps. These paints have an exceptional covering capacity, a super-durable glossy finish, and are specially prepared to withstand the strain of severe climatic conditions; at the same time, they are most suitable for inside decorations.

Mander Brothers Limited, varnish and paint manufacturers, Wolverhampton

Brief Survey covering one hundred and thirty seven years – 1792-1929.

The firm of Mander Brothers, Limited., printing ink, colour and varnish manufacturers, Wolverhampton was founded in 1792 by Benjamin Mander, who was the great-great-grandfather of the four present junior directors and great-grandfather of Sir Charles Mander, Bart., the head of the firm. The business, originally that of Japanner and tin plate worker, and since 1803 as varnish maker, is carried on at the same spot, though on a greatly extended scale, as 137 years ago, and during all that period the partners and directors have always been Manders and direct descendants of the founder. Probably few other firms can show a similar record of continuity, and as the four juniors have each one son, the succession is likely to be maintained.

In addition to the St. John Street Works, where printing ink, varnish, paint and enamels are made, there are the Townwell Works nearby, engaged in the production of dry colours. At a distance of about 2½ miles are the Wednesfield Works, conveniently situated on the canal and railway, where the manufacture of printing ink is carried on. Large new works are now being developed at Heath Town, where a tin can making factory and a paint and enamel works have been laid out on the most up-to-date lines, and are now in operation.

From small beginnings, the firm has obtained a leading position in every part of the world for its well-known products. As the business grew and developed, it became increasingly difficult to maintain the personal relationship between employer and employee which had been traditional; and with a view to re-establishing this, a welfare scheme was started in 1920, which has made remarkable and rapid progress, showing the wealth of goodwill which is available where human beings are associated together in business, if proper steps are taken to evolve it.

The welfare executive committee consists of the directors and twelve representatives from the various departments, with five co-opted members, and deals with many different aspects of entertainment, recreation and education.

There are in all twenty sub-committees covering the following subjects - finance, journal, bowling, entertainments, bagatelle, holiday fund, chess, gardening, cricket, tennis, football, canteen, hockey, coal club, library, dramatic, swimming, dressmaking, catering and saving certificates.

There is a recreation ground covering over five acres, comprising at present, football, hockey and cricket grounds, two bowling greens, two hard and two grass tennis courts and a pavilion, where whist drives, dances and concerts are held. There is also a canteen in a separate building.

In all cases the capital charges of playing fields, etc. are borne by the firm, and the maintenance and running expenses are borne by the employees through weekly contributions and profits from various entertainments.

There is also in operation a contributory pensions scheme. Each workman contributes one shilling a week, and on reaching the age of 65 becomes entitled to a pension of 35/- a week for life.

Besides this, £10,000 of preference shares have been set on one side for the workpeople, and the holders of these shares are entitled to a fixed dividend of 7% and a proportion of the profits.

Chubb & Son's Lock & Safe Company Limited, Railway Street, Wolverhampton
Also Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton and 128, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.4

Jeremiah Chubb patented his first lock, known as the Chubb Detector Lock, on February 3rd, 1818. Subsequent improvements were devised and patented in 1824 by Charles, brother of the original inventor, and, with certain modifications, the principle introduced by Charles Chubb survives today. The number of patents granted to Chubbs since 1824 is very large, many of the improvements being of considerable technical interest.

The first Chubb locks were made in a small workshop in Portsea, Hampshire, but their manufacture was quickly transferred to the great lock making centre of Wolverhampton. Charles Chubb soon disposed of his hardware business at Portsea, and moved to 57, St. Paul's Churchyard, London, E.C. confining his trade there to the selling of his patent locks.

Safes, strong rooms, and safe deposits were subsequently added, and since the removal to 128, Queen Victoria Street, London, in 1877, this latter branch of the business has grown to large dimensions.

In 1908, Chubb's Safe Works situated in the south of London were sold, as at that time the desirability of concentrating all manufacturing operations under central control became increasingly apparent, and in addition to extensions for safe making being provided at the large Wolverhampton Lock Works, new and extensive buildings for the manufacture of safes, strong room doors, treasuries, strong rooms and safe deposits, were erected on a ten-acre site at Wednesfield Road, near the lock works.

Various considerations influenced the concentration of Chubb's works at Wolverhampton. In addition to being a great centre of the hardware and metal trades, it offered better and healthier housing facilities for the workers, while rents and rates were considerably lower than in London, a fact which weighed favourably with both employers and employed.

The wisdom of making Wolverhampton the manufacturing headquarters of the company has since been amply proved, whilst the products of The House of Chubb have become famous throughout the world.


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