After visiting the stores, where all
kinds of spares for engines and cars were kept, followed by
the stables, he commented that “even steam tramways use
horses”. At the ticket office he said that the conductors
were daily supplied with tickets, which they kept in a box
provided for the purpose; the tickets were lettered and
numbered, and each day the clerk in charge received the
remainder of the day's stock back from each conductor. A
fresh stock of tickets was given to each conductor on the
following day, with a different index letter from that of
the previous day; whilst young lady clerks checked both the
cash and tickets handed in on the previous evening, one
clerk dealing with cash, and another tickets, before
checking results one with the other.
The manager told him that “Every
conductor is now expected to pay-in all the money he
receives during the day, but at one time this rule was not
in vogue. Then there used to be a systematic borrowing from
the fares by the conductors, and the full amount used to be
abstracted from their wages at the end of the week, but this
system was found to be far from beneficial to the men, and a
source of annoyance to the company, so it was stopped, and now if
a man is sixpence short he has to make it up, and a fine of a like amount is
inflicted. Of course, there are exceptions to this stringent
rule, for if it can be proved that the deficiency is not on
account of the negligence of the conductor, he is not
expected to make it up."
About two and a half million
tickets were kept in stock.
Next to the ticket office was the
tinsmiths’ shop, where all the lamps and lanterns used at
the depot and on the cars were repaired. The Company had
been experimenting to try to find an improved method of
lighting the cars, and eventually designed a new lamp which
gave a light equal to gas. One car had fitted-up with this.
Five other cars were now being fitted-up with the same
lighting. It is not known what type of lamps these were,
though it is possible that they were operated from some type
of oil-gas, stored under pressure in tanks beneath the car
floors, similar to that used by the Birmingham Central.
The sand-drying and riddling room was
then mentioned in passing, all engines being fitted with
sanding equipment of course. To the left of the sheds was
the machine room, on the doors of which a number of rules
and notices for drivers and conductors were posted. The
writer mentioned the following:
"A driver will be severely dealt with
unless he stops as quickly as possible at the bidding of any
person. Complaints have been received of the cars leaving
the stations before the time announced for starting. Fines
were inflicted, if offences against these rules were clearly
proved, and the name of the driver involved, together with
the amount he had been fined, posted up as a warning to
others."
In the machine room were seen about a
dozen men working on various machine operations for repairs,
such as shaping, slotting, and wheel-turning. The engine
wheels, as those of the cars, were of cast steel and wear of
the treads took place very quickly, the former having to be
re-turned about every four months. The Company was now
adopting a new type of wheel which was supposed to wear much
better and was constructed so as to make very little noise.
The wheel centre was of rolled steel, having a replaceable
tyre, and between the two, a piece of non-conducting
material was placed so as to reduce noise. It was intended
to fit-up all the cars and engines with these wheels soon,
so as to provide an extremely quiet running fleet.
He
remarked that the engines were a source of great trouble,
owing to their liability to get out of repair. They were
examined every night, so as to try to discover faults before
any accident occurred. A book was kept, in which any driver
could write any suggestion he might have for improving his
particular engine, or state any fault which required putting
in order. Each engine was overhauled once in about every
four or five months. Every effort had been made to get over
the difficulty of the emission of smoke and steam, a good
deal of money having been spent in experiments.
A photograph from an old postcard
showing the last steam tram that
operated from Darlaston depot on
15th June, 1904. It's
on its way to Darlaston from Walsall
via the Pleck and Wednesbury,
passing Samuel Platt's King's Hill
Foundry. It would be another 15
months before the line was
electrified. |
Traversing cranes and a pit were
provided for repair work, etc. A joiners’ shop was being
erected, where all kinds of woodwork could be carried out on
engines or cars. Adjacent to this was the paint shop. In the
future the whole of the cars will be painted with a lighter
colour, thus making them look brighter and less clumsy than
the old dingy brown covering. This, it is assumed, refers to
the replacement of the original dark brown with a somewhat
lighter reddish brown livery. The writer ended his
description of the Depot by pointing out that the reason for
building the small sub-depots at the extremities of the
routes was so as to enable later cars to be run and also to
reduce empty mileage.
The article went on to point out that
conductors on the South Staffordshire actually worked less
hours than any tramway conductors in the district. On the
lines where the service was increased during the afternoon
and evening, the men worked a large number of hours on one
day, but fewer on the next. One day a week, the conductor
had as holiday. Regarding fares and stages, he said that the
average length of a penny stage on the Handsworth route was
a mile-and-a-quarter; the cheapest ride one could have was
on Fridays and Saturdays, between Darlaston and Wednesbury,
where return tickets were issued at one penny each, from 1
p.m. to 7 p.m. on Fridays, and from 4 p.m. on Saturdays.
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The writer mentioned that one of the
greatest conveniences to passengers was the issuing of a
timetable as a ticket, or ticket as a timetable, whichever
you cared to call it, but it is not known exactly what he
meant.
Regarding the future, the South
Staffordshire Company had been endeavouring to meet the
wishes of the Darlaston and Walsall people by building a
line to Wolverhampton. Negotiations had been proceeding for
a long time. The hope was to book passengers from Darlaston
to Wolverhampton, and vice versa, for four pence, but nothing
had yet been decided. It would be a great advantage to
Walsall people to be able to get to Bilston without first
having to travel to Wolverhampton. It is believed that a
service was still being operated on the Darlaston-Moxley
section, at this time, though no doubt an infrequent one,
and only an infrequent service was operated on the
Bilston-Moxley section of the horse tramway, so that
connections would be very poor.
One other interesting working, in
connection with Darlaston Depot, deserves mention, that is
the supply of coke for locomotive purposes. The depot is
situated just off the Darlaston-Wednesbury Road at King's
Hill, being reached by a long single track from a triangular
junction on the main line, immediately adjacent to the
bridge over the L.N.W. Railway at Darlaston Station which is
in a cutting.
In the early days, there were two sidings
parallel to the depot track, later removed. The main coke
store and coke foreman's office, together with water
standpipe, was situated just inside the entrance to the
depot track. A little further up this track was situated a
small hand-operated turntable-originally on one of the
sidings and later on the single track from which a steep
incline track led down through a cutting in the railway
embankment, to terminate on a platform beside a railway
siding. Mr. G. A. Hall, a South Staffordshire steam tram
driver during the last several years of operation, described
how this incline was worked.
One engine was always kept in
steam at the Depot, in case of breakdown and also to perform
any shunting which might be required. When a delivery of
several wagons of coke had been shunted into the railway
siding below, one of the several small tramway wagons kept
for coke haulage was brought to the turntable and coupled by
wire rope led round a fixed pulley to the stand-by
locomotive, some distance up the depot line. The engine
would then run slowly down towards the turntable, thus
lowering the wagon to the bottom of the incline. After the
wagon had been loaded, by hand-shovelling from the railway
wagons, the reverse procedure was performed, with the
engine and wagon then being turned and pushed down to the
coke store. Coke was delivered from here to the other depots
and termini, as necessary, by means of a wagon coupled
behind one of the normal service cars. Coke was required at
termini where they were not near to a depot. The coke was
taken in bags, for convenient storage at the roadside.
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