Chapter 
		Five Part Two 
		
			
				
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					 During February of 
					1925, but much nearer home, Henry Seagrave and Parry Thomas 
					were at Montlhery with a six cylinder supercharged 2 litre 
					car, with the view of a spot of record breaking. They made 
					attempts on the 12 and 24 hour world records in which they 
					were unsuccessful, but they did take a number of records 
					including the 3 hours at l02.74m.p.h. but engine trouble and 
					a snow storm put paid to the longer distance records. 
					Various other 
					records fell during the year to both Seagrave and Campbell. 
					The first big race of the year for Sunbeam came on June 20th 
					when the Wolverhampton cars made their debut at Le Mans for 
					the 24 hour race. Louis Coatalen had decided to enter two 
					cars for the 1925 Les Vingt Quatre Du Mans and prototypes of 
					a new super sports model were prepared for this testing 
					race. It was first held in 1923 and happily is still an 
					annual event.  | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
				
					
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					The cars had six cylinders and double 
					overhead camshaft engines with cylinder dimensions of 75 x 
					110mm. The 3 litre engines could be taken up to 5,000r.p.m. 
					and developed l46b.h.p. They had a four speed gearbox and 
					weighed 26cwt. One of the prototypes had been tested by 
					“Autocar” and they reported it to be able to exceed 
					90m.p.h., have excellent road holding and to be very 
					comfortable to drive. Something that was unexpected in a 
					high performance sports car. | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
					| Sunbeam’s drivers for Le Mans were 
					Henry Seagrave and George Duller, a well known steeplechase 
					jockey, and Jean Chassagne and Sammy Davies of the 
					“Autocar”. Two Bentleys also represented Britain and the 
					race included a host of French and Italian cars. For the 
					first time the famous Le Mans start was used and right from 
					the word go the Sunbeams took the lead. For the first 200 
					miles cars had to run with the hood erected, which 
					handicapped them somewhat, but did prove that they carried 
					useable touring equipment. A great battle developed between 
					Seagrave and Kensington Moir driving a Bentley with the 
					Wolverhampton car having a slight edge over its rival. It 
					held the lead for 11 laps until carburettor trouble delayed 
					Seagrave. The Bentley also struck trouble, but of a more 
					serious sort, running out of petrol some miles from the 
					permitted refuelling stop and so had to retire. The other 
					Bentley of J.F. Duff and Frank Clement was also having 
					problems and the half distance positions were two Lorraine 
					Dietriches leading with the Chassagne/Davies' Sunbeam 3rd. 
					The other Sunbeam car had fallen out with clutch trouble. 
					These positions were held for the next 
					couple of hours but then the Sunbeam speeded up and moved 
					into second place to increase its speed yet again to begin 
					to catch the leader. Unfortunately it couldn’t quite manage 
					it and the Lorraine Deitrich driven by de 
					Courcelles/Rossignol won, having covered l,388 miles at an 
					average speed of 57.83m.p.h. The Chassagne/Davies Sunbeam 
					had covered about 45miles less at 55.9m.p.h. and another 
					Lorraine Deitrich finished third. Of the 49 starters only 20 
					finished, the Sunbeam being the only British car amongst 
					them. The Seagrave/Duller team received an award for 
					covering the greatest distance in the first hour and the 
					winning car received a 500 franc prize for the most 
					comfortable body.  | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
				
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					 Sunbeam were not 
					very successful in the other continental races of that year. 
					Three of the six cylinder supercharged 2litre G.P. cars were 
					entered for the French Grand Prix at Montlhery to be driven 
					by Seagrave, Count Masetti and Count Conelli. The race, over 
					a distance of 620 miles was won by Robert Benoist driving a 
					Delage with team mate Louis Wagner 2nd. Masetti brought his 
					Sunbeam in 3rd but both Seagrave and Conelli had retired 
					with mechanical trouble in the early stages of the race, 
					which had been marred by the fatal crash of Antonio Ascari 
					of the Alfa Romeo team, who then withdrew from the race. 
					Only one Sunbeam was 
					entered for the Spanish Grand Prix, again held at San 
					Sebastian. The car was driven by Masetti, who when going 
					very well in 2nd place in the 450 mile race, had to retire 
					at half distance.  | 
					
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					 As usual, the 
					following season’s models were exhibited at the motor show. 
					The 1926 Sunbeam range consisted of the previous season’s 
					14/40, now reduced by £60 to £625, and the 20/60 which 
					remained at £950. The 12/30 had been dropped and several new 
					models were introduced. Sunbeam were keen to market their 
					super sports 3 litre car which had a six cylinder 75 x 110mm 
					engine with double overhead camshafts and two Claudel 
					carburettors. This very fine car sold for £1,125. Also new 
					for 1926 was the 30/90 with the straight eight engine, which 
					could be had in two versions. The first had cylinder 
					dimensions of 80 x 120mm and a capacity of 4825c.c. The 
					second was slightly larger at 85 x 120mm with a capacity of 
					5028c.c. The former was listed at a chassis price of £1,050 
					and the later at £1,250. If ordered with standard or 
					limousine bodywork the price to £1,850. The finish would be 
					in claret, or dark blue. These were very fine motors, but 
					rather expensive. 
					The company 
					continued to be in financial difficulties as indeed were the 
					whole of the STD group and early in 1926 it was made known 
					that no new racing cars would be built as Sunbeams, only the 
					French Talbot Darracq taking part in international racing. 
					No dividend had been paid on the £1 ordinary shares for a 
					number of years and payments on the £1 Preferred ordinary 
					shares were in arrears since1923. Profits over the three 
					years since 1923 had been a little over £396,000 and there 
					were many calls on the cash and the situation was decidedly 
					gloomy. 
					Star were continuing 
					to build excellent cars at Frederick Street and the body 
					works at Bushbury were in full swing.  | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
				
					
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					 At this time some 
					craftsmen were brought in from the Surrey works of Weyman to 
					oversee the building of fabric bodies. New models introduced 
					at this time were the o.h.v. 14/40 and 20/60, all with four 
					wheel brakes. Towards the end of the year a number of 14/40s 
					were supplied to the Royal Army Service Corps. 
					The motor industry 
					has always had its ups and downs and Star was no exception. 
					At one period during 1926 they were very slack and men were 
					laid off, some of them for as long as six months. Then of 
					course there was the General Strike in May which caused a 
					lot of difficulties. Star closed both the Frederick Street 
					and Bushbury works and other major Wolverhampton motor firms 
					had similar problems. Sunbeam were at a standstill with 
					about 2,500 men out, but at Guys about 500 were out and 
					something like 200 employees were at work, so some 
					production continued. A.J.S. carried on with only about 60 
					out at their Graiseley works.  | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
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					 Leaving aside the 
					strife, which did great damage to industry, we will look at 
					what Guy Motors were doing. As already mentioned they were 
					innovators and introduced many new ideas. One such was their 
					move into bus manufacture in 1926 when they produced the 
					first six wheeled trolley bus for Wolverhampton Corporation 
					Transport. It also included several other advanced features 
					such as regenerative braking. When the driver took his foot 
					off the power pedal, power was fed back into the overhead 
					wires and slowed the vehicle down to about 12m.p.h. without 
					touching the brake. This system would be widely used but was 
					not taken up by other manufacturers for something like seven 
					years. 
					Just prior to the 
					introduction of this advanced vehicle Guy had supplied 
					Wolverhampton with a six wheel double decker motor bus, 
					again years ahead of their competitors. The specification 
					included a four cylinder 5 litre engine, which developed 
					38b.h.p. at 1,000r.p.m., a four speed gearbox and a normal 
					control layout. Over the next few years large numbers were 
					sold. 
					There were also new 
					models in the motorcycle world. A.J.S. introduced their 
					first overhead valve 500c.c. with cylinder dimensions of 74 
					x 93mm. It was in effect an enlarged 350c.c., which followed 
					the T.T. design. It included duralumin rockers, double row 
					roller bearings for the big end, and cylinder head fixing by 
					two long bolts instead of a steel strap. This fine sporting 
					machine cost £62.10s.0d. (£62.50.). 
					Diamond now offered 
					three models. The first was a 147c.c. Villiers powered two 
					stroke with Albion 2 speed gearbox and chain come belt 
					drive. The second included a Villiers 172c.c. engine, a 3 
					speed Sturmey gearbox and all chain drive. The third model 
					had a 300c.c. JAP engine, a Sturmey 3 speed gearbox and all 
					chain drive. 
					Sunbeam offered a 
					range of six excellent machines. The Model 1, a 347c.c. side 
					valve machine with Sunbeam 3 speed gearbox and all enclosed 
					chain drive was listed at £72. The famous overhead valve 
					Model 9 sold at £91.7s.0d. (£91.35.). Sidecars ranged in 
					price from £18 to £28.7s.0d. (£28.35). All models had 
					quickly detachable wheels and 3" tyres were optional. 
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					 Moving on to the 
					racing scene of 1926 we note that one of the first races of 
					the year was held in South Africa on January 1st and 2nd. 
					You can’t get earlier than that! The races were held over 
					ten laps of a twenty mile circuit, including five miles of 
					the main Port Elizabeth road, which was not closed to normal 
					traffic for either practice runs or the race itself. Both 
					the 350c.c. and 600c.c. races were won by C.H. Young riding 
					Royal Enfields. In the smaller class R.F. Brown took 3rd 
					spot on his A.J.S. whilst other riders of the Wolverhampton 
					machines came in 4th, 5th and 8th. In the 600c.c. race 2nd 
					and 3rd places went to A.J.S. riders P. Lievardt and J.W. Du 
					Toit. 
					There would be 
					numerous other victories for A.J.S. but we shall now move to 
					June and the Isle of Man again. Wolverhampton was well 
					represented in the 1926 Junior T.T. race. There were 7 
					A.J.S. machines, 4 Sunbeams and 3 HRDs. The Senior included 
					8 HRDs, 6 AJs and 3 Sunbeams.   | 
					
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					| Diamond were also back on the Island 
					with a single entry in the Lightweight Race and this we 
					shall consider first. Conditions 
					were near perfect on race day and on practice form the 
					Cottons and their star rider Paddy Johnson were favourite to 
					win. Many felt however that Italian ace Petrio Ghersi could 
					well pull it off. He had been very fast indeed in practice 
					and right from the off it was the Italian who shot into the 
					lead breaking the lap record from a standing start, putting 
					it to 62.12m.p.h. Ghersi led for the first four laps but was 
					then delayed and Johnson went into first place, soon to have 
					an advantage of 39 seconds. Things soon changed when Ghersi 
					regained the lead after an almost super human effort. The 
					Cotton rider now really dug the spurs in and went through to 
					win by 20 seconds from the Italian, with Cottons in the next 
					two places. This was followed by a sensational ruling. 
					Ghersi was disqualified on a technicality, he had used a 
					sparking plug of a different make from that stated on his 
					entry form. This gave the Gloucester made Cottons the first 
					three places.  Johnson had averaged 60.20m.p.h., a  
					lightweight record. F.G. Morgan finished 2nd, about 23 
					minutes behind the winner with W. Colgan 3rd. Fastest lap 
					fell to Ghersi who went round in 35minutes 49seconds, a 
					record speed of 63.12m.p.h. 
					But what of the 
					single Diamond. When rider Syd Gleeve collected his machine 
					just prior to the start he discovered it had a flat tyre. He 
					duly repaired it, but this meant a late start and he went 
					off in 21st place instead of his allotted 6th spot. Gleeve 
					rode a steady race from then on and came onto the leader 
					board in 11th place on lap 4. Next time round he moved up 
					one place and held this position for some time, eventually 
					moving up several places to finish in 7th place. This was 
					Diamond’s best ever T.T. result. Incidentally Syd Gleeve's 
					fastest lap time was 44 minutes 32 seconds. Diamond were 
					only a small company but they had the courage to compete 
					with the worlds best and it is a great pity that their T.T. 
					efforts did not enjoy more success. 
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					There were 14 Wolverhampton made 
					motorcycles entered for the Junior race with such 
					outstanding riders as Simpson, Longman, Dance, Hough, the 
					Twemlow brothers and the up and coming Dodson. Great things 
					were expected of them but there would be plenty of 
					opposition from amongst others including Wal Handley on a 
					very fast Rex Acme, Alec Bennett on a new overhead camshaft 
					Velocette, and the irrepressible Freddie Dixon riding a 
					Douglas. | 
				 
			 
		 
		
			
				
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					 The race got off in 
					good conditions and at the end of lap one Handley led 
					Simpson by 22 seconds with Bennett  14 seconds behind 
					and  Dixon in fourth place. By the end of the third lap 
					Simpson led Handley by four seconds, but Bennett had been 
					driving the Velo with a whip, lapping in under 34minutes. He 
					took the lead at the end of lap four with an advantage of 2 
					minutes 32 seconds over Handley. Simpson was in 3rd spot and 
					George Dance was going well on his Sunbeam in 6th place. 
					Clarrie Wise on an A.J.S. and Eddie Twemlow on an HRD 
					retired. 
					Bennett kept up the 
					pace and on lap 5 went round in 32minutes 56 seconds, an 
					average speed of 68.75m.p.h., a Junior record. It proved to 
					be the day’s fastest lap and put the Velocette no less than 
					7 minutes 56 seconds ahead of Jimmy Simpson's A.J.S. in 2nd 
					place. Wal Handley on his Rex Acme was 18 seconds behind in 
					3rd place. 
					Alec Bennett could 
					now ease off and cruise home, and did so to win the 1926 
					Junior T.T. in the record time of 3hours 57minutes 
					37seconds, an average speed of 66.7m.p.h. He also set the 
					fastest and record lap, and became the first  man to 
					win three T.T. races. 2nd place fell to Jimmy Simpson who 
					was 10 minutes 25seconds behind the winner. Wal Handley 
					brought the Rex in 3rd and Freddie Dixon finished 4th. 
					Of the Wolverhampton 
					machine placings Charlie Hough finished 8th, Frank Longman 
					9th, C. Bell 18th and J.H. Stevens 19th on his A.J.S. Jock 
					Porter took 25th place on the only Sunbeam to finish and 
					Kenneth Twemlow brought his HRD home in 11th place. Among 
					notable retirements had been King of the Sprinters George 
					Dance and Charlie Dodson on Sunbeams and George Rowley on 
					his A.J.S. 
					After that excellent 
					Junior everyone looked forward to a cracking Senior with a 
					needle match between Stanley Woods making his first T.T. 
					appearance for the Norton team and Wal Handley on a very 
					swift ‘V’ twin Rex Acme. Right from the start Jimmy Simpson 
					dug his spurs in and took his AJ into the lead, covering the 
					first lap in 32 minutes 27 seconds, an average speed of 
					69.68m.p.h. This was the fastest Island lap to date and that 
					from a standing start, giving the AJ rider a lead of 
					37seconds over Stanley Woods with Handley in third place. 
					Petrio Ghersi had his Guzzi in fourth place just ahead of 
					Charlie Hough's A.J.S. and Tommy Spann’s Sunbeam, with Frank 
					Longman close behind on his A.J.S. 
					On the 2nd lap 
					Simpson maintained his cracking pace to complete the lap in 
					32 minutes 9 seconds, a speed of 70.42m.p.h. This was the 
					first time the Island had been lapped at over the 70m.p.h. 
					mark, a fantastic performance that put the Wolverhampton 
					machine 2 minutes ahead of Wood’s Norton. Handley's Rex was 
					giving trouble and Ghersi retired. Hough and Longman came up 
					into 3rd and 4th places, followed by Spann and Howard Davies 
					on his HRD. 
					Then came bad news, 
					J.H. Stevens crashed on his A.J.S. at Brandish Corner, which 
					of course caused worry in the A.J.S. pit where his parents 
					were watching the race, however news soon came through that 
					no serious injuries had been incurred. 
					The meteoric Simpson 
					retired with engine trouble at Kirkmichael which put Woods 
					into a 10 second lead over Hough, now Howard Davies who had 
					been in 3rd place, crashed and came into the pits to retire 
					with nasty facial injuries. The very exciting Senior T.T. 
					continued and when the riders started their 5th lap the 
					positions were as follows. Stanley Woods on a Norton was 
					leading from Charlie Hough and Frank Longman, both riding an 
					A.J.S., Wal Handley followed on his Rex Acme and he in turn 
					was followed by Joe Craig on a Norton, Eddie Twemlow on an 
					HRD, and George Rowley on an A.J.S. That was the leader 
					board and there were 9 Wolverhampton machines in the first 
					dozen. By lap 6 Woods had increased his lead to l minute 25 
					seconds, over Hough, whilst Longman still held 3rd place. 
					Handley had really turned the wick up and was the man to 
					watch. George Rowley had moved up to 7th place and Graham 
					Walker had brought his Sunbeam onto the leader board. 
				The last lap of the 
				Senior brought great excitement. Hough had speeded up and now 
				lay only 39 seconds behind Woods with Handley just one second 
				down on Longman. Around the course the talking points were: 
				Could Hough catch Woods? Could Handley catch Longman? And indeed 
				could Handley gain the lead?  Fate now took a hand, Hough 
				crashed at Sulby, fortunately without serious injury, but was 
				out of the race after a fine ride. This put Woods into a safe 
				lead of over 4 minutes, and interest now focused on the battle 
				between Handley and Longman. The Rex rider just managed to pull 
				out that bit extra to take 2nd place. So the 1926 Senior T.T. 
				ended with a win for Stanley Woods riding a Norton with a time 
				of 3 hours 54 minutes 39 seconds, an average speed of 
				67.54m.p.h. Wal Handley’s Rex Acme was something over 4 minutes 
				down with Frank Longman in 3rd place on his A.J.S. 
					Other Wolverhampton 
					machine placings were C.P. Wood on an HRD in 5th place, 
					George Rowley and his A.J.S. in 6th, followed by Achillie 
					Varzi on a Sunbeam, and  S. Jackson and Kenneth Twemlow 
					on HRDs. Graham Walker came 16th on his Sunbeam and was 
					followed by H.F.Harris on an HRD, and Clarrie Wise on an 
					A.J.S. Ossie Wade came in 21st on an HRD. Of the 22 
					finishers 10 were riding Wolverhampton made machines.  | 
				 
			 
		 
         
        
			
				
				
					
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					the beginning | 
					
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					Part 3 | 
				 
			 
		 
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